Access to Safe Housing

This pase assesses the availability and quality of housing that can withstand climate-related hazards. Safe housing reduces exposure to risks such as flooding, storms, and extreme heat. For example, informal settlements in flood-prone areas may lack adequate drainage or durable materials, exacerbating vulnerabilities. Programs that support the development of climate-resilient housing can enhance community protection and adaptive capacity.

Safe Housing Access

56.8% of population

Housing Structure Types

Permanent Structures 45%
Semi-Permanent 35%
Traditional 20%

Regional Housing Quality

Urban Areas
  • Good Condition: 65%
  • Fair Condition: 25%
  • Poor Condition: 10%
Rural Areas
  • Good Condition: 35%
  • Fair Condition: 40%
  • Poor Condition: 25%

Clean Water

This index measures access to potable water resources, which are essential for climate resilience. Scarcity of clean water can exacerbate health risks, reduce agricultural productivity, and strain ecosystems. For instance, prolonged droughts in the northern part of Ghana may limit access to safe drinking water, leading to waterborne diseases. Initiatives like rainwater harvesting and improved water management systems can address these challenges.

Clean Water Access

Population with Access 73.2%

Primary Water Sources

Piped Water
45%
  • Urban Coverage: 65%
  • Rural Coverage: 25%
Protected Wells
28%
  • Urban Coverage: 20%
  • Rural Coverage: 35%
Other Sources
27%
  • Boreholes: 15%
  • Surface Water: 12%

Sanitation

The Sanitation index tracks access to adequate waste disposal and hygiene facilities, which are critical for public health in the face of climate variability. Poor sanitation can lead to outbreaks of diseases such as cholera during floods or heavy rains. For example, urban slums with poor drainage systems are highly susceptible to contamination during floods. Investments in sanitation infrastructure can mitigate these risks and improve overall resilience.

Sanitation Coverage

Improved Sanitation Access 59.3%

Sanitation Facilities

Improved Facilities
  • Flush Toilets: 25%
  • VIP Latrines: 20%
  • Septic Systems: 14.3%
Unimproved Facilities
  • Basic Pit Latrines: 25%
  • Shared Facilities: 10%
  • No Facilities: 5.7%

Energy

The Energy index evaluates access to reliable and sustainable energy sources. Energy is a cornerstone of climate adaptation, enabling communities to power cooling systems, water pumps, and communication tools during emergencies. For example, rural communities reliant on biomass energy may face greater deforestation risks and limited adaptive options during prolonged droughts. Expanding access to renewable energy sources can promote sustainable development and reduce vulnerabilities.

Energy Access

Electricity Access 85.9%

Household Energy Sources

Grid Electricity
75.5%
  • Urban Coverage: 92%
  • Rural Coverage: 65%
Solar Power
10.4%
  • Urban Usage: 5%
  • Rural Usage: 15%
Traditional Sources
14.1%
  • Biomass: 10%
  • Other: 4.1%

Primary Energy Uses

Lighting
98%
Cooking
85%
Appliances
75%